Cambridge English Note 
Note 
some & several & difference
some + 所有 n.
several + 不可数 n.
different + n.复过去进行时
过去某一时间点正在做或发生的事(初一语法点)
war/were + doingbecause
boring & bored
boring adj. 无聊的
bored adv. 感觉无聊be tired of sth./doing 厌倦
one ... the other ... 2 个;one ... another ... >= 3 个;
all >= 3 个人; both 2 个人;
at the bottom of ... 在...底部; at the top of ... 在...顶部;
否定词
- no 否定 n.
 - not 否定 v.
 
there be
- there be + 人 or 物 + 地点:存在有(环境)
 
助动词用于陈述句,表示强调语气。
"真的""确定"。
天气用虚拟语气 it
形物代 & 名物代
形物代 后跟名词
名物代 直接使用
| 形物代 | 名物代 | 
|---|---|
| my | mine | 
| your | yours | 
| his | his | 
| her | hers | 
| its | its | 
| our | ours | 
| their | theirs | 
句式
- 陈述句
 - 否定句
 - 疑问句 
- 一般疑问句
 - 特殊疑问句 
- when
 - where
 - who
 - whose
 - what
 - how
 - which
 - why
 
 
 - 感叹句
 
一般将来时
- be going to + do
 - will + do
 - shall + do
 - be about to do
 
buy 用法 买某物给某人
- buy sth. for sb.
 - buy sb. sth.
 
look for & find
- look for 寻找(过程)
 - find 找到(结果)
 
key
- 钥匙 
- the key to ...
 - the key to the door
 
 - 答案 
- the key to ...
 - the key to the problem
 
 
- 钥匙 
 for sale 待售
Lost and Found 失物招领
不定代词是三单
- everybody
 - somebody
 - anybody
 - nobody
 - everything
 - something
 - anything
 - nothing
 - everyone
 - someone
 - anyone
 - no one
 
daily 日常,每天
forget
- forget to do 忘记去做(未做)
 - forget doing 忘记做了(已经做了)
 - I forget ____ the flowers, so I water them twice. 
- A. water
 - B. watered
 - C. watering
 - D. to water
 
 
现在完成时
- 发生在过去,持续到现在的动作或事情。
 - “已经”,“自从”
 - have(无词义,助动词) + done(过去分词)
 - 过去分词 
- 规则 + ed
 - 不规则见表格
 
 
时间副词
- already 已经
 - just 刚刚
 - yet 还(否。句尾疑)
 - ever
 - never
 
时间介词
- since + 时间点 自从
 - for + 时间段 持续
 
主谓宾解构
- My mother likes going shopping. 
- my mother 主(名)
 - likes 谓(动)
 - going shopping 宾(名)
 
 
- My mother likes going shopping. 
 一般现在时
- 经常发生,常常出现;人的习惯,自然规律。
 - 1.主语 + 动原。
 - 2.主三 + 动 s.
 - 三单:不是你,不是我,是单数。
 
when 当...
- 时间状语从句
 
with : 拥有、使用、和
打电话
- call sb.
 - make phone calls to sb.
 
egg
- boiled eggs 水煮蛋
 - fried eggs 炒蛋
 - sunny-side-up 荷包蛋
 
salt 盐
mint 薄荷
pepper 胡椒
peppermint 胡椒粉
sweet 甜
sour 酸
spicy 辣
bitter 苦
改一般疑问句、否定句
- My mother cooks a meal in the morning. 
- 改一般疑问句 
- Does your mother cook a meal in the morning?
 
 - 改否定句 
- My mother doesn't cook a meal in the morning.
 
 - 改特殊疑问句(对 cooks a meal 提问) 
- 换线部分 => 特殊疑问代词
 - ...
 
- What does your mother do in the morning?
 
 
 - 改一般疑问句 
 
- My mother cooks a meal in the morning. 
 take 带某物给某人
- take sth. to sb.
 - take sb. sth.
 
until
- until 直到
 - not ... until 直到...才 => 时间状语从句 
- I can't sleep 
untilI finish my homework. - The girl 
wentto school when she was 6. - The girl 
didn'tgo to schooluntilshe was 6. 
 - I can't sleep 
 
be like 好像
倒装句
- 表示 "也"
 - 主谓颠倒 
- 肯定 So + 谓 + 主 
- 也(如此)
 - 动词提前 
- 像一般疑问句
 - 像一般疑问句一样使用助动词。
 
 - 例 
- They are ten. 
- So do we.
 
 - He is a singer. 
- So is she.
 
 - We are in Suzhou. 
- So are they.
 
 - I'm a girl. 
- So is she.
 
 - He can jump. 
- So can I.
 
 - I can run. 
- So can she.
 
 - She likes red. 
- So do I.
 
 - They want a book. 
- So do we.
 
 
 - They are ten. 
 
 - 否定 Neither + 谓 + 主 
- 也不
 - Neither 中已包含否定,回答中的动词不需要再否定。
 - 例 
- She isn't a boy. 
- Neither am I.
 
 - They aren't students. 
- Neither are we.
 
 - He can't jump. 
- Neither can I.
 
 - She doesn't like red. 
- Neither do I.
 
 
 - She isn't a boy. 
 
 
 - 肯定 So + 谓 + 主 
 
writer = author
ill adj. <=> illness n.
blind 盲的 adj. <=> deaf 聋的 adj.
send for 派人去请/叫
almost 几乎
however 但是 副词
- 后面必须加逗号
 - 前面也可以加逗号
 
in the end = at last
a ten-year-old girl = a ten years old girl 加横线就不用加 s
President 总统 + 人名
- President Obama
 - President Trump
 
Chairman 主席
be born 生来就
- be born to do
 - be born adj.
 
by 通过、附近、被
定语从句:名词后的从句
宾语从句:动作后的从句
全世界
- all over the world
 - all around the world
 
一般现在时
- 主 + 动原
 - 主三 + 动 s
 
词性简写
- 介词 prep.
 - 名词 n.
 - 动词 v.
 - 形容词 adj.
 - 副词 adv.
 
存在有 & 有用
- 存在有 there be 
- there be + 人 or 物 + 地点 
- be 动词的就近原则。
 - 取决于离 be 动词最近的名词时单数还是复数。
 - There __ a book, a ruler and some books on the table. 
- ○ A. is
 - × B. are
 
 
 
 - there be + 人 or 物 + 地点 
 - 拥有 have
 
- 存在有 there be 
 in & at
- in 大地方(以街为界) >= street 街区
 - at 小地方 < street 街 
- at the cinema
 - at school
 
 
hometown 家乡
motherland 祖国
形容词 & 副词
- 形容词:修饰名词 
- 有 ly 的形容词 
- ugly
 - friendly
 - lovely
 
 
 - 有 ly 的形容词 
 - 副词:修饰行为动词、形容词 
- 无 ly 副词 
- home
 - hard
 - high
 - well
 - late
 - fast
 
 
 - 无 ly 副词 
 
- 形容词:修饰名词 
 either & neither & none
- either 两者都
 - neither 两者不
 - none 三者不
 
too many & many too
- too many = many
 - many too = too 太
 
a bit = a little
miss
- 思念
 - 错过
 
jungle & forest
- jungle 丛林
 - forest 森林
 
定冠词 & 不定冠词
- 定冠词 a an 
- 文中第一次出现(表示数量一)
 
 - 不定冠词 the 
- 文中第二次及以上出现
 - 世界上唯一的东西 The Great Wall
 - 限定词(最高级、序数词)
 - 特指 = this that these those
 
 
- 定冠词 a an 
 be different from ... 和 ... 不一样
Peking Roast Duck 北京烤鸭
国家
- American
 - Sydney
 - France
 - Britain
 
on the tree & in the tree
- on the tree 在树上
 - in the tree 飞到树上
 - above the tree 有悬空的部分
 
sleep
- v. go to sleep
 - n. have a sleep
 
n. + y => adj
- sun => sunny
 - cloud => cloudy
 - sleep => sleepy
 
It's time for/to ...
- It's time for doing [sth.] 介词 + doing
 - It's time to do [sth.] 不定式
 
fall asleep & be asleep
- fall asleep(adv.) 入睡(表过程)
 - be asleep(adj.) 入睡(表结果)
 
how many + n.复
过去完成时
- 发生在过去,持续到现在的动作或状态
 - have/has + done
 
时间副词
- already
 - just
 - yet(否定/疑问)
 - ever/never
 
复数 - 特殊
- mouse -> mice
 - goose -> geese 鹅
 - foot -> feet
 - child -> children
 - man -> men
 - woman -> women
 - ox -> oxen
 - tooth -> teeth
 
时间介词
- since + 点 自从...
 - for + 段 持续...
 
名词所有格
- 有生命才可加 s
 
情态动词(8 个)
- can
 - may
 - must
 - would
 - could
 - should
 - had better
 - need
 
feel sb. do 感觉某人做...
wake
- You wake me up. 
- me 只能放中间
 - 如果是 the lion 则前后都可以 
- wake the lion up
 - wake up the lion
 
 
 
- You wake me up. 
 祈使句
- Don't kill me.
 
help
- help sb. do sth. 帮助某人做某事。
 - help sb. to do sth. 帮助某人去做某事。
 - help sb. with sth.
 
with
- 拥有
 - 使用
 - 和
 
一些
- some + 可/不可
 - a little + 不可
 - a few + 可
 - several + 可
 
run to ... 跑向...
begin to do sth. 开始做某事
洲 & adj.
- Africa n. 非洲 -> African adj.
 - Asia n. 亚洲 -> Asian adj.
 - America n. 美洲 -> American adj.
 - Europe n. 欧洲 -> European adj.
 
Lions live in Africa.
- Lions 是泛指,要用复数,且前面不加 the。
 - Pandas live in China.
 
male 雄性的 <-> female 雌性的
more than 超过
take off 出发
most of ... 大多数
eat & eat up
- eat 吃
 - eat up 吃光
 
in trouble 陷入麻烦
entrance 入口
exit 出口
hard 硬的 <=> soft 软的
time 次
- once 一次
 - twice 两次
 - three times 三次
 
be good at 擅长
as long as ... 和...一样长
辅音 
| 清 | 浊 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| /h/ | /p/ | /b/ | /j/ | |
| /ʃ/ | /t/ | /d/ | /m/ | |
| /tʃ/ | /k/ | /ɡ/ | /n/ | /ŋ/ | 
| /f/ | /v/ | /l/ | ||
| /s/ | /z/ | /dʒ/ | /ʒ/ | |
| /θ/ | /ð/ | /w/ | /r/ | |
| /ts/ | /dz/ | |||
| /tr/ | /dr/ | 
元音 
| 单元音 | 单元音 | 双元音 | 
|---|---|---|
| /æ/ | /e/ | /eɪ/ | 
| /ɪ/ | /i:/ | /aɪ/ | 
| /ɒ/ | /ɔ:/ | /əʊ/ | 
| /ʌ/ | /ɑ:/ | /ɔɪ/ | 
| /ʊ/ | /u:/ | /aʊ/ | 
| /ə/ | /ɜ/ | /ɪə/ | 
| /eə/ | ||
| /ʊə/ |